Contributors: Kate Shuttleworth, Emily Zheng, Monica Westin, Roger Gillis, Patricia Manghais
Introduction#
This guide provides guidance around the indexing of Open Journal Systems (OJS) in Google Scholar. It is written largely for an audience of journal managers as well as systems administrators – those who are responsible for the installation, upgrading and general maintenance of the system. We have tried to suggest the sections which are most applicable to these two audiences.
This guide focuses on Google Scholar indexing of OJS sites. Some of this information is applicable to OMP and OPS sites, but Google Scholar interaction with these sites has not been researched.
Overview of Google Scholar Indexing#
Google Scholar is a popular scholarly indexing engine that crawls the web looking for scholarly publications: articles, books, reports, theses, conference proceedings, preprints, among others. Google scholar identifies scholarly content, determines each item’s bibliographic metadata, and groups different online versions of an item together with this metadata in search results.
There is no need to register your journal with Google Scholar. Google Scholar will eventually find and automatically crawl the site. If you notice that your journal is not appearing in Google Scholar, there may be some issues that need to be addressed, see thecommon OJS indexing problems and suggested fixesbelow.
Google Scholar relies on two key pieces of information in order to do its indexing:
- A way to crawl all the Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) – or essentially links – for articles, either via a crawler-friendly browse (usually set up by default for OJS instances), or a sitemap.
- Bibliographic information from articles in the form of machine-readable metadata tags (“metatags”). These metatags are derived from the information you add to the forms in OJS to describe your journal, issues, and submissions.
Bibliographic metatags indicate to Google Scholar the specific metadata for an article (e.g. title, author, publication date, etc.).
Example set of metatags fromGoogle Scholar inclusion guidelines:
<meta name="citation_title" content="The testis isoform of the phosphorylase kinase catalytic subunit (PhK-T) plays a critical role in regulation of glycogen mobilization in developing lung"><meta name="citation_author" content="Liu, Li"><meta name="citation_author" content="Rannels, Stephen R."><meta name="citation_author" content="Falconieri, Mary"><meta name="citation_author" content="Phillips, Karen S."><meta name="citation_author" content="Wolpert, Ellen B."><meta name="citation_author" content="Weaver, Timothy E."><meta name="citation_publication_date" content="1996/05/17"><meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Journal of Biological Chemistry"><meta name="citation_volume" content="271"><meta name="citation_issue" content="20"><meta name="citation_firstpage" content="11761"><meta name="citation_lastpage" content="11766"><meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="http://www.example.com/content/271/20/11761.full.pdf">The<meta name="citation_pdf_url"/>tells the indexing system which file to associate with this metadata, and provides a direct URL to the article galley.
You can review the metatags for one of your articles by going to the landing page for the article, then viewing the HTML source. Usually you can do this by right clicking on the page and selecting “View Page Source”, “Inspect Element”, “Developer Tools”, or using a keyboard command, depending on which browser you use.
Once viewing the source code of your article page, you can search the HTML source for “citation_” to view metatags. This process can be used to test and troubleshoot many of the OJS indexing errors described in this guide.
Troubleshooting for Journal Managers and Editors#
If you notice that Google Scholar has not indexed or ceased indexing your journal, it could be due to inconsistencies between the journal’s metadata and the Galley files. Metadata in the Tags & Galley should match precisely. Some common discrepancies include:
- Incorrect publication dates listed in metatags
- Mixing up multiple languages or scripts in metatags
- Language of metadata (especially title and abstract) in different language than the language of the article full text
- Author name formatting discrepancies between metadata and galley (e.g. Given Name and Family Name format and capitalization).
- Authors listed in a different order in metatags than the author order in the gallery
Follow the steps below to check for consistency in your journal’s metadata. If the metadata seems to be correct but your journal’s articles do not appear in Google Scholar search results, it may take some time before the changes show up in the Google Scholar site, as once Google Scholar has indexed an article, any changes will not be reflected until Google Scholar makes changes to its’ index (which occurs twice yearly). Should the changes still not appear, contact your site administrator for further support for further troubleshooting (see the ‘Troubleshooting Google Scholar indexing problems” for site administrators’ section, below).
Check for consistency in the publication date#
The publication metatag should match the date of formal publication for the issue, as well as the publication date listed on the article PDF. If one of these dates is incorrect you can change it on the journal site (in the Issue Data settings) or on the article PDF.
There is a known bug for different versions of OJS below that cause incorrect dates to be listed in the metatags. If you are using any version of 3.0.x or 2.4.x and have widespread date errors in the metatags across your site, this bug is a likely cause.
To test for this problem, review the HTML source for your articles to view the date metatag for articles across your journals. Compare these dates with the publication dates listed in the PDFs, as well as the publication date for the issues in which these articles appear.
If the problem is widespread across your OJS site, and you are currently using one of the OJS versions listed here, there is a patch that has been developed specifically to fix this problem. This patch will ensure that only the publication date is being used in the date metatag.
Patches for supported versions of OJS include:
More information about the code patch can be found here.
Contact your site administrator if you believe that your journal may be affected by this bug.
Use only one language in each metadata tag, and don’t reproduce duplicate metadata in different languages/scripts across multiple metatags#
Another common error for OJS journals occurs when multiple languages or scripts are combined in the metatags for a single article, resulting in mixed bibliographic information. This causes confusion both for the Scholar indexing system and for researchers who may, for example, click on a Scholar search result that seems to be an article written in a familiar language – and end up on a PDF they can’t read. Avoid duplicating this information in different languages or scripts within a single field.
Example including the translated version of the title in title metatags:
<meta name="citation_title" content="War and Peace == Война и мир" />Example listing authors in native script/language of home institution when it is not the language in which the article was written:
<meta name="citation_author" content="Толстой, Лев Николаевич " /><meta name="citation_author" content="Tolstoy, Lev Nikolayevich "/>Use the full-text language in the metadata tags#
The language of the abstract should match the language of the metatags, such as the title metatag. Using English as the default language for metatags, regardless of the language of the article, will also cause problems for indexing. It also results in missed citations, because articles that cite another article will likely use the language of the full-text for the citation. Missing citations means articles won’t be ranked as they should be in Scholar search results – and both of these result in unhappy authors.
The fix for both of these issues is to use the language of the full text in the PDF as a guide for the language to use in entering the metadata in the fields in OJS.
Adding multilingual metadata in OJS 3.2#
In OJS 3.2, it is possible to enable multiple languages for your journal and add metadata in those languages in separate fields. This avoids the indexing issues that can result from inconsistencies with the metadata language not matching the language of the article text, or of combining multiple languages in the same metadata field. Note that you should still ensure that theprimary language for the submissionmatches the language of the full article text, and that metadata is entered in the language of the full article text, regardless of whether or not additional language metadata is included.
See the Learning OJS 3.2 guide underWebsite settings – Languagesfor details on enabling multiple languages for your journal. See Production and Publication –Multilingual Submissionsfor details on adding metadata in multiple languages.
Ensure that authors’ names are formatted consistently#
Common formatting errors could include incorrect/inconsistent “first name, last name: format, incomplete names, spelling errors or capitalization, and discrepancies between metatags and published PDF.
In the red metatags below, you can see a few different examples of common author name errors, all of which will break indexing in Google Scholar. In the first metatag, notice that the author’s first name and last name have been inverted. In the second, only part of the author’s name has been entered. And in the last, a lower case spelling has been used for the author’s name.
To troubleshoot and fix these errors, you will want to compare the names in the citation_author metatags with how it appears in the PDF. If there are discrepancies, make the change to the metatags in the article metadata within your journal to match the PDF. Remember to look out for formatting and capitalization.
Troubleshooting for Site Administrators#
If you notice that Google Scholar has not indexed or ceased indexing your journal, there are a few potential causes. Google Scholar will stop indexing a journal if:
- There are high numbers of metadata errors (see the Google Scholar indexing for Journal Managers section of this guide for details)
- The metatags are missing entirely (a known bug for upgrades to some versions of OJS)
- The HTTPS certificate is invalid or expired
- There are frequent site downtimes
- The OJS site has been hacked
Below, we will detail how to recognize & fix these common problems.
Metatags no longer included after OJS upgrade#
There is a known bug for upgrades to some versions of OJS: OJS 2.x to OJS 3.0.1, 3.0.2, 3.1.0, and 3.1.1 that does create issues for journals in relation to Google Scholar.
In these cases, the Google Scholar plugin that creates metatags for OJS journals is disabled during the upgrade, even if it was enabled on the previous version.
If your OJS site has upgraded to any version of OJS listed above, it’s a good idea to check if your journals have been affected by this issue. The best way to check is to search for the “citation_title” metatag in the HTML source for a few articles in each journal that upgraded. If there is no title metatag, you have likely been affected by this disabled plugin issue.
There are a few different ways to fix this issue, depending on how many OJS journals you publish. If the collection of journals on your OJS site is small enough that you are able to make a simple manual adjustment for each journal, that is probably the easiest solution. To enable the Google Scholar plugin manually on a journal by journal basis, start by logging into the administrator dashboard for your journal. From the “plugins” tab, find the list of “generic plugins” and check the “Google Scholar Indexing Plugin” checkbox. Be sure to save your settings. Repeat for every affected journal.
Otherwise, if you have so many journals on your OJS site that making a change for each individual journal will take too much time, you can usean SQL command to adjust your journals database all at once.
Finally, you can upgrade to OJS version 3.1.2 and newer, where the fix for this bug has been built in. This is the recommended solution by both PKP and Google Scholar (see “Best practices for OJS journals” above.
Secure Socket Layer (SSL) certificate errors#
When the https version of a site returns errors due to an invalid certificate, the indexing system is blocked from crawling the site and is forced to remove it from the Scholar index.
To test, open an article in several different browsers (Chrome, Safari, etc). If you see warnings that the connection is not private, contact your SSL certificate provider to fix. If possible, ask them to set up automated renewals to avoid future expirations.
Site downtimes#
Frequent site downtimes will trigger Google Scholar to cease indexing a journal.
Work with your host to minimize downtime for scheduled maintenance, and manage anticipated traffic to prevent traffic overload.
During site migrations, the best practice is to keep the old site functional and live while the new site is being developed, to avoid interruptions in access for both researchers and the indexing system. When the new site is ready to go live, first put the article-level redirects in place, then change the DNS lookup to the new server. (See also “Set up article-level redirects”)
When migrating an OJS journal, try to keep the old site functional while you develop your new site. This avoids interruptions in access for both researchers and indexing systems. When the new site is ready to go live, first put the article-level redirects in place, then change the DNS lookup to the new server.
Site hacks#
Hacked OJS sites are used for commercial spamming. Being hacked may not be immediately obvious to editors and journal managers.
Google Scholar tries to identify hacked sites, and cease to index them.
If you suspect that your OJS site might be hacked:
- Emulate the Google crawler (to see what it “sees”) by setting your user-agent to Googlebot:
curl -A Googlebot URL_ON_YOUR_SITE- Check a broad sample of randomly selected articles to see if they return a different page from what you see in the browser, or redirect to another site.
- Alert your hosting provider. They should be able to analyze and fix underlying security issues.
- Alertthe PKP communityforum and share your solutions
Best practice for OJS is to ensure that you are running the newest version and to monitor the PKP community forum and the PKP website for new releases and upgrade if possible. If you are the victim of spammers, you can use the “merge users” tool either in the User administration interface orthrough the command lineto remove these accounts in bulk. We also recommendenabling reCaptcha in your OJS configuration fileto reduce the number of spam accounts created in your installation.
Best practices for OJS journal indexing#
Avoid customized URL structures#
The Google Scholar indexing system has been trained to recognize the standard OJS URL structure. While OJS allows customization of URL paths, customized urls makes it harder for the crawler to identify OJS journals. The structure should be:
https://SITENAME.COM/index.php/JOURNALABBREVIATION/article/view/SUBMISSION#
For example:
http://seer.unipampa.edu.br/index.php/agropampa/article/view/23142
We recommend against customizing OJS’s url paths, which will make it slower and more difficult for Google Scholar crawlers to index the site.
Set up article-level redirects#
When a journal site moves or items are renumbered, this will result in article-level HTTP needing to be redirected.
If your journal will be migrating or has migrated, or articles have been renumbered or given new identifiers, it will be important to minimize broken links. You will need to set up redirects at the article level, from the previous article URL to the new article URL; it is not sufficient to simply redirect the old articles to the new homepage URL.
These redirects would need to be permanent HTTP 301s and not HTTP 302s. For more information on the differences between the two, seethis guide to 301 and 302 redirects.
Google Scholar indexing guidelines and resources for OJS#
- Google Scholar inclusion & troubleshooting guidelines
- “Indexing Repositories: Pitfalls & Best Practices” presentation from 2015 Open Repositories conference(targeted to repositories, but has good general guidelines for both Scholar & web indexing)
- PKP Community Forum
Copyright: Simon Fraser University holds the copyright for work produced by the Public Knowledge Project and has placed its documentation under aCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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FAQs
How do I add an index to Google Scholar? ›
Steps To Get Articles Indexed In Google Scholar
They should configure their websites to export bibliographic data in HTML meta tags. Researchers should post all articles on separate web pages (i.e., each article should have its URL). They should ensure their websites are available to users and crawlers at all times.
The h-index can be calculated automatically in Web of Science and Scopus or manually in other databases that provide citation information (e.g. SciFinder, PsychINFO, Google Scholar). The index is based on a list of publications ranked in descending order by the number of citations these publications received.
Is Google Scholar indexing good? ›Google Scholar can boost the worldwide visibility and accessibility of your content. We work with publishers of scholarly information to index peer-reviewed papers, theses, preprints, abstracts, and technical reports from all disciplines of research and make them searchable on Google and Google Scholar.
How do I get my article indexed by Google? ›- Go to Google Search Console.
- Navigate to the URL inspection tool.
- Paste the URL you'd like Google to index into the search bar.
- Wait for Google to check the URL.
- Click the “Request indexing” button.
You can also make the article publicly available by uploading a PDF of the article to your own Google Drive. To do that, click the "UPLOAD PDF" button next to the article on your public access page. If you don't see the "UPLOAD PDF" button, sign in to the Google account that you used to create your profile.
How long does it take for an article to be indexed by Google Scholar? ›Once you update your website, it can take anywhere from a few days to 6-9 months for these changes to be reflected in Google Scholar search results.
Who has the highest h-index in Google Scholar? ›H-index scores between 3 and 5 seem common for new assistant professors, scores between 8 and 12 fairly standard for promotion to the position of tenured associate professor, and scores between 15 and 20 about right for becoming a full professor.
What is a good h-index score? ›What is a Good h-Index? Hirsch reckons that after 20 years of research, an h-index of 20 is good, 40 is outstanding, and 60 is truly exceptional. In his paper, Hirsch shows that successful scientists do, indeed, have high h-indices: 84% of Nobel prize winners in physics, for example, had an h-index of at least 30.
Which is better Google Scholar or Scopus? ›GS known to cover a lot of non-reviewed content. Non-journal coverage – Google Scholar has more unique types of materials (PDF files, Word docs, technical reports, theses and dissertations, etc.). Web of Science and Scopus both have “some” proceedings and books but they are mainly covering journal articles.
How do I know if my journal is indexed? ›
- Type the journal title or ISSN on the search box and click on the search button.
- The journal details will be shown if it is in the National Library of Medicine (NLM) catalog.
- Check the “Current indexing status.” Indexed journal shows “Currently indexed for MEDLINE”
Your h-index is based on a list of your publications ranked in descending order by the Times Cited count. The value of h is equal to the number of papers (N) in the list that have N or more citations.
How do I become a Google Scholar? ›- Step 1: Create your basic profile. Log on to scholar.google.com and click the “My Profile” link at the top of the page to get your account setup started. ...
- Step 2: Add publications. ...
- Step 3: Make your profile public.
Accessibility: Publications should be hosted on a page with mainly academic content. Personal websites, press or academic pages that show errors or broken links are not identified by Google search engines. The article could be removed by Google if it is deleted or disappears from its original location.
Why is Google not indexing my site? ›The first reason why Google won't index your site is that you don't have a domain name. This could be because you're using the wrong URL for the content, or it's not set up correctly on WordPress. If this is happening to you, there are some easy fixes.
What is Google Scholar index? ›Google Scholar is a popular scholarly indexing engine that crawls the web looking for scholarly publications: articles, books, reports, theses, conference proceedings, preprints, among others.
What is h-index in Google Scholar? ›The h-index of a publication is the largest number h such that at least h articles in that publication were cited at least h times each. For example, a publication with five articles cited by, respectively, 17, 9, 6, 3, and 2, has the h-index of 3.
Where can I upload my article? ›- sites.google.com.
- github.com.
- iSnare.com.
- storify.com.
- goarticles.info.
- quora.com.
- tumblr.com.
- articlebiz.com.
Add Articles Manually
To add publications that do not appear in Google Scholar, you can go to the add article manually option in your profile. Once you have clicked here, a window will appear where you can enter the information to use as a bibliographic reference, as it is not possible to enter the whole article.
Some publications which we upload in Research Gate receives citations but the same paper which has been listed in the Google Scholar doesn't show any citation and vice-versa happens too.
Are all articles on Google Scholar peer-reviewed? ›
If you find articles in Google Scholar, you would have to look up the journal the article is published in to find out whether they use peer review or not. When using library databases, there are options to restrict to peer review, either from the main search page or usually in the left hand column of the results page.
How many citations is good for a researcher? ›In fact, in Computer Science, Engineering, and Mathematics, even for papers in ISI listed journals that are 10 years old, 4-5 ISI citations might be enough to put an article in the top 50% most cited papers in their fields, around 20 citations puts you in the top 10%.
Is an h-index of 90 good? ›h index of 40 after 20 years of scientific activity, characterizes outstanding scientists, likely to be found only at the top universities or major research laboratories. h index of 60 after 20 years, or 90 after 30 years, characterizes truly unique individuals.
Is an h-index of 11 good? ›H-index scores between 3 and 5 seem common for new assistant professors, scores between 8 and 12 fairly standard for promotion to the position of tenured associate professor, and scores between 15 and 20 about right for becoming a full professor.
Is h-index of 2 good for a PhD student? ›What is a good h-index for a Phd student? It is very common that supervisors expect up to three publications from PhD students. Given the lengthy process of publication and the fact that once the papers are out they also need to be cited, having an h-index of 1 or 2 at the end of your PhD is a big achievement.
How can I increase my h-index? ›- Collaborate with more mature researchers. Research has shown that papers with famous first authors get more citations. ...
- Choose your journal carefully. ...
- Publish Open Access. ...
- Think about your audience. ...
- Network, network, network. ...
- Work on your writing. ...
- Show up on social media.
The h-index is an index that attempts to measure both the productivity and impact of the published work of a scientist or scholar. In Scopus, the h-index is not a static value; it is calculated live on a set of results each time you look it up. Metrics. Features. h-index.
What is i10 index in Google Scholar? ›i10-Index = the number of publications with at least 10 citations. This very simple measure is only used by Google Scholar, and is another way to help gauge the productivity of a scholar. Advantages of i10-Index. Very simple and straightforward to calculate. My Citations in Google Scholar is free and easy to use.
How do I manually calculate my h-index? ›To manually calculate your h-index, organize articles in descending order, based on the number of times they have been cited. In the below example, an author has 8 papers that have been cited 33, 30, 20, 15, 7, 6, 5 and 4 times. This tells us that the author's h-index is 6.
What is a good number of citations for a professor? ›(By contrast, the scantier publication profiles of younger staff are often susceptible to different interpretations). Among our chosen professor the top-cited publications have from 40 to 250 references each, but in most cases there are only one or a few such papers or books.
Does Google Scholar use Orcid? ›
While an automated connection between Google Scholar and ORCID is not available, it is possible to export citations from Google Scholar to BibTex format and then import the BibTex citations into ORCID with the following steps: Log in to your Google Scholar profile.
Why is Scopus h lower than Google Scholar? ›Google Scholar is a search engine and hence has a much wider coverage than Scopus, including theses and unpublished materials, etc. These are content types that are not indexed on Scopus and therefore will not contribute to the citation count so therefore the Scopus count is likely to be lower.
Why is H index in Google Scholar different from Scopus? ›The reason, h index of one same author is different between Google Scholars (GS), Scopus (S) and Web of Science (WOS) due to the source of publication database, focus area, the maturity and etc. Each features have its own distinctive database, eventually will exhibit different value of h-index [3,4].
How does a journal become indexed? ›Typically, to get indexed, a journal has to submit a formal application to the database and provide relevant documents and evidence supporting its application. If the journal meets all criteria, it gets indexed.
What is meant by indexed journal? ›Indexed journals are considered to be of higher scientific quality as compared to non-indexed journals. Indexation of medical journals has become a debatable issue. For a long-time Index Medicus has been the most comprehensive index of medical scientific journal articles. It is being publication since 1879.
How do I check my Scopus index? ›Scopus indexed journal
Visit their website at scopus.com/sources. This will guide you to their search page. Choose the Title, Publisher, or ISSN number of the journal of your choice and search it in. Enter the journal details in the search bar to have access to their database.
The h index is a metric for evaluating the cumulative impact of an author's scholarly output and performance; measures quantity with quality by comparing publications to citations. The h index corrects for the disproportionate weight of highly cited publications or publications that have not yet been cited.
How do you calculate a citation index? ›The h-index is calculated by counting the number of publications for which an author has been cited by other authors at least that same number of times. For instance, an h-index of 17 means that the scientist has published at least 17 papers that have each been cited at least 17 times.
What is a high i10 Index? ›Dhyaa Ab. Abood. University of Baghdad. hi -index is based on the set of the scientist's most cited papers and the number of citations that they have received in other publications. i10-Index = the number of publications with at least 10 citations.
What is Google Scholar best used for? ›Google Scholar provides a simple way to broadly search for scholarly literature. From one place, you can search across many disciplines and sources: articles, theses, books, abstracts and court opinions, from academic publishers, professional societies, online repositories, universities and other web sites.
How do I create a Google Scholar citation? ›
- You'll need a Google account before you can begin - use your existing account or create one.
- Go to Google Scholar and click on 'My citations'
- Follow the instructions, adding your affiliation information and your University email address.
Frequently Asked Questions about Google Scholar
⚽ Is Google Scholar an academic source? No. Google Scholar is an academic search engine, but the records found in Google Scholar are academic sources.
You can't request indexing for URLs that you don't manage. Crawling can take anywhere from a few days to a few weeks. Be patient and monitor progress using either the Index Status report or the URL Inspection tool.
What do you mean by indexing? ›Indexing, broadly, refers to the use of some benchmark indicator or measure as a reference or yardstick. In finance and economics, indexing is used as a statistical measure for tracking economic data such as inflation, unemployment, gross domestic product (GDP) growth, productivity, and market returns.
What is indexing a site? ›A page is indexed by Google if it has been visited by the Google crawler ("Googlebot"), analyzed for content and meaning, and stored in the Google index. Indexed pages can be shown in Google Search results (if they follow Google's webmaster guidelines).
How do you write an index for a research paper? ›- Read the book. The first step may seem obvious, but it's important to do a thorough readthrough of any book before you start on the indexing process. ...
- Use indexing software. ...
- Mark up the book. ...
- Address formatting questions. ...
- Make index entries. ...
- Order your index entries. ...
- Edit your index.
Accessibility: Publications should be hosted on a page with mainly academic content. Personal websites, press or academic pages that show errors or broken links are not identified by Google search engines. The article could be removed by Google if it is deleted or disappears from its original location.
How long does Google Scholar take to update citations? ›So that's the answer to how often Google Scholar updates its citation counts: every other day.
How can I upload my article on Google Scholar? ›Log in, go to your profile, click the "+" icon, and select "Add article manually". Then fill in the details and it will appear on your profile immediately. However you cannot upload a pdf to Google Scholar or anything like that. Google Scholar is not a repository.
How do I create an index? ›Create the index
Click where you want to add the index. On the References tab, in the Index group, click Insert Index. In the Index dialog box, you can choose the format for text entries, page numbers, tabs, and leader characters. You can change the overall look of the index by choosing from the Formats dropdown menu.
What is index example? ›
The definition of an index is a guide, list or sign, or a number used to measure change. An example of an index is a list of employee names, addresses and phone numbers. An example of an index is a stock market index which is based on a standard set at a particular time.
How do you write an index? ›- be arranged in alphabetical order.
- include accurate page references that lead to useful information on a topic.
- avoid listing every use of a word or phrase.
- be consistent across similar topics.
- use sub-categories to break up long blocks of page numbers.
- use italics for publications and Acts.
What is a Good h-Index? Hirsch reckons that after 20 years of research, an h-index of 20 is good, 40 is outstanding, and 60 is truly exceptional. In his paper, Hirsch shows that successful scientists do, indeed, have high h-indices: 84% of Nobel prize winners in physics, for example, had an h-index of at least 30.
What is h-index in Google Scholar? ›The h-index of a publication is the largest number h such that at least h articles in that publication were cited at least h times each. For example, a publication with five articles cited by, respectively, 17, 9, 6, 3, and 2, has the h-index of 3.
How do I use Google Scholar? ›- Google Scholar searches are not case sensitive. ...
- Use keywords instead of full sentences. ...
- Use quotes to search for an exact match. ...
- Add the year to the search phrase to get articles published in a particular year. ...
- Use the side bar controls to adjust your search result.
If you have substantially changed the bibliographic record (title, authors, journal, etc.), Google Scholar may not able to match it up with Google Scholar's index right away. If so, it may take a few days for your citation metrics to include the updated article.
Why do citations disappear from Google Scholar? ›My citation count has gone down! That can happen because we index scholarly articles available to us on the Web, and the Web changes. Chances are that some website that used to host your paper or papers that cite it no longer do so.
How do Google Scholar citations work? ›What is Google Scholar Citations? Google Scholar Citations lets authors set up a profile page that lists their publications and citation metrics. The citation metrics are updated automatically, and you can choose to have your list of publications updated automatically or update them yourself.
How do I increase my citations? ›- Cite your past work when it is relevant to a new manuscript. ...
- Carefully choose your keywords. ...
- Use your keywords and phrases in your title and repeatedly in your abstract. ...
- Use a consistent form of your name on all of your papers.
- On a computer, open a site in new Google Sites.
- At the top, click Publish.
- Enter the web address for your site. Terms that violate our Acceptable Use Policy won't be allowed. ...
- Click Publish.
- Optional: Visit your site's web address to make sure it's published correctly.
Where can I upload my article? ›
- sites.google.com.
- github.com.
- iSnare.com.
- storify.com.
- goarticles.info.
- quora.com.
- tumblr.com.
- articlebiz.com.